Panta rhei - Revision history

Odyssee at 08:18, 6 February 2022

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	== Origin ==		== Origin ==

	In this form, however, the panta rhei is only quoted by [[w:Simplicius of Cilicia\|Simplicius]], a late antique commentator on [[Aristotle]]'s writings.<ref> Hermann Diels: ''Simplicius, In Aristotelis physicorum libros quattuor posteriores commentaria''. Reimer, Berlin 1895 (reprint de Gruyter 1954), (Commentaria in Aristotelem Graeca 10) p. 1313.</ref> The connection to Heraclitus is established by Plato, who quotes the sentence in a linguistically different form:<ref>Cratylus 402A = A6</ref> Πάντα χωρεῖ καὶ οὐδὲν μένει ("Pánta chorei kaì oudèn ménei", "Everything moves on and nothing remains."). Heraclitus compares being to a river by saying that no one can step into the same river twice. The sentence panta rhei thus represents a shortening and at the same time an interpretation of Heraclitus' statements.		In this form, however, the panta rhei is only quoted by [[w:Simplicius of Cilicia\|Simplicius]], a late antique commentator on [[Aristotle]]'s writings.<ref> Hermann Diels: ''Simplicius, In Aristotelis physicorum libros quattuor posteriores commentaria''. Reimer, Berlin 1895 (reprint de Gruyter 1954), (Commentaria in Aristotelem Graeca 10) p. 1313.</ref> The connection to Heraclitus is established by [[Plato]], who quotes the sentence in a linguistically different form:<ref>Cratylus 402A = A6</ref> Πάντα χωρεῖ καὶ οὐδὲν μένει ("Pánta chorei kaì oudèn ménei", "Everything moves on and nothing remains."). Heraclitus compares being to a river by saying that no one can step into the same river twice. The sentence panta rhei thus represents a shortening and at the same time an interpretation of Heraclitus' statements.

	Only a few fragments of Heraclitus' work have survived, three of which are quotations that establish the doctrine of the flow of all things:		Only a few fragments of Heraclitus' work have survived, three of which are quotations that establish the doctrine of the flow of all things:

Odyssee at 08:15, 6 February 2022

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	== Origin ==		== Origin ==

	In this form, however, the panta rhei is only quoted by ~~Simplikios~~, a late antique commentator on Aristotle's writings.<ref> Hermann Diels: ''Simplicius, In Aristotelis physicorum libros quattuor posteriores commentaria''. Reimer, Berlin 1895 (reprint de Gruyter 1954), (Commentaria in Aristotelem Graeca 10) p. 1313.</ref> The connection to Heraclitus is established by Plato, who quotes the sentence in a linguistically different form:<ref>Cratylus 402A = A6</ref> Πάντα χωρεῖ καὶ οὐδὲν μένει ("Pánta chorei kaì oudèn ménei", "Everything moves on and nothing remains."). Heraclitus compares being to a river by saying that no one can step into the same river twice. The sentence panta rhei thus represents a shortening and at the same time an interpretation of Heraclitus' statements.		In this form, however, the panta rhei is only quoted by [[w:Simplicius of Cilicia\|Simplicius]], a late antique commentator on [[Aristotle]]'s writings.<ref> Hermann Diels: ''Simplicius, In Aristotelis physicorum libros quattuor posteriores commentaria''. Reimer, Berlin 1895 (reprint de Gruyter 1954), (Commentaria in Aristotelem Graeca 10) p. 1313.</ref> The connection to Heraclitus is established by Plato, who quotes the sentence in a linguistically different form:<ref>Cratylus 402A = A6</ref> Πάντα χωρεῖ καὶ οὐδὲν μένει ("Pánta chorei kaì oudèn ménei", "Everything moves on and nothing remains."). Heraclitus compares being to a river by saying that no one can step into the same river twice. The sentence panta rhei thus represents a shortening and at the same time an interpretation of Heraclitus' statements.

	Only a few fragments of Heraclitus' work have survived, three of which are quotations that establish the doctrine of the flow of all things:		Only a few fragments of Heraclitus' work have survived, three of which are quotations that establish the doctrine of the flow of all things:

Odyssee at 08:12, 6 February 2022

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			[[File:Heraklit.jpg\|thumb\|[[Heraclitus]], depicted in an engraving from 1825]]

	The formula '''panta rhei''' ({{Greek\|πάντα ῥεῖ}}, "everything flows") is an aphorism traced back to the Greek philosopher [[Heraclitus]], but created later.		The formula '''panta rhei''' ({{Greek\|πάντα ῥεῖ}}, "everything flows") is an aphorism traced back to the Greek philosopher [[Heraclitus]], but created later.

Odyssee at 08:06, 6 February 2022

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	* [[Wikipedia:Hans Joachim Störig\|Hans Joachim Störig]]: ''Kleine Weltgeschichte der Philosophie''. Fischer, Frankfurt a. M. 1996, ISBN 3-596-13520-6		* [[Wikipedia:Hans Joachim Störig\|Hans Joachim Störig]]: ''Kleine Weltgeschichte der Philosophie''. Fischer, Frankfurt a. M. 1996, ISBN 3-596-13520-6
	* Ute Seiderer (editor): ''Panta rhei. Der Fluß und seine Bilder. Ein kulturgeschichtliches Lesebuch.'' Reclam, Leipzig 1999		* Ute Seiderer (editor): ''Panta rhei. Der Fluß und seine Bilder. Ein kulturgeschichtliches Lesebuch.'' Reclam, Leipzig 1999

			== References ==
			<references />

	[[Category:Pre-Socratics]]		[[Category:Pre-Socratics]]
	[[Category:Heraclitus]]		[[Category:Heraclitus]]
	[[de:Panta rhei]]		[[de:Panta rhei]]
			{{Wikipedia\|\|de}}

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The formula '''panta rhei''' ({{Greek|πάντα ῥεῖ}}, "everything flows") is an aphorism traced back to the Greek philosopher [[Heraclitus]], but created later.

== Origin ==

In this form, however, the panta rhei is only quoted by Simplikios, a late antique commentator on Aristotle's writings.<ref> Hermann Diels: ''Simplicius, In Aristotelis physicorum libros quattuor posteriores commentaria''. Reimer, Berlin 1895 (reprint de Gruyter 1954), (Commentaria in Aristotelem Graeca 10) p. 1313.</ref> The connection to Heraclitus is established by Plato, who quotes the sentence in a linguistically different form:<ref>Cratylus 402A = A6</ref> Πάντα χωρεῖ καὶ οὐδὲν μένει ("Pánta chorei kaì oudèn ménei", "Everything moves on and nothing remains."). Heraclitus compares being to a river by saying that no one can step into the same river twice. The sentence panta rhei thus represents a shortening and at the same time an interpretation of Heraclitus' statements.

Only a few fragments of Heraclitus' work have survived, three of which are quotations that establish the doctrine of the flow of all things:

: "Whoever gets into the same river, other and again other water flows to him."<ref>Fragment 12 [[WikipediaDE:Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker|DK]], translation following [[Wikipedia:Wilhelm Capelle|Wilhelm Capelle]], ''Die Vorsokratiker'', p. 132</ref>

: "We get into the same river and yet not into the same river, we are and we are not."<ref>Fragment 49a [[WikipediaDE:Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker|DK]], translation following Wilhelm Capelle, ''Die Vorsokratiker'', p. 132; B 49a is, however, considered to be only vaguely based on the original text, with the entire second part not being authentic; Held: ''Heraklit, Parmenides und der Anfang von Philosophie und Wissenschaft'', p. 326</ref>

: "You cannot get into the same river twice."<ref>Fragment 91 [[WikipediaDE:Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker|DK]]</ref>

== Philosophical classification ==

The flow doctrine is to be understood in the context of Heraclitus' doctrine of the unity of all things:

: "Connections: Whole and Not-Whole, Converging and Diverging, Harmony and Discord, and Out of All One and Out of One All." <ref>Fragment 10 [[WikipediaDE:Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker|DK]], translation followingWilhelm Capelle, ''Die Vorsokratiker'', p. 132</ref>

Plato's quotation Pánta chorei kaì oudèn ménei is the most succinct formulation of Heraclitus' doctrine of flux, which states: everything flows and nothing remains; there is only an eternal becoming and changing. However, his interpretation is problematic: it led to the fact that in the tradition of the Platonic formulation, Heraclitus' teaching was interpreted only as one of becoming and passing away (in this sense, for example, Hölderlin, Hegel or Nietzsche, who saw the core of his teaching in the "affirmation of passing away"). According to the flux doctrine, the primary experience of the world lies in the perpetual change of matter and form. It is a metaphor for the processuality of the world. Being is the becoming of the whole. Accordingly, being is not static, but is to be grasped dynamically as eternal change. Yet behind and at the same time in the ceaseless flux stands unity: unity in multiplicity and multiplicity in unity.<ref>Cf. Störig: ''Kleine Weltgeschichte der Philosophie'', p. 136 with further evidence</ref>

== Literature ==
* Wilhelm Capelle: ''Die Vorsokratiker''. Kröner, Stuttgart 1968
* [[Wikipedia:Hans Joachim Störig|Hans Joachim Störig]]: ''Kleine Weltgeschichte der Philosophie''. Fischer, Frankfurt a. M. 1996, ISBN 3-596-13520-6
* Ute Seiderer (editor): ''Panta rhei. Der Fluß und seine Bilder. Ein kulturgeschichtliches Lesebuch.'' Reclam, Leipzig 1999

[[Category:Pre-Socratics]]
[[Category:Heraclitus]]
[[de:Panta rhei]]