Mineral kingdom - Revision history

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	[[File:Ortoclasio.jpg\|thumb\|white [[Wikipedia:Orthoclase\|Orthoclase]] (''potassium feldspar'') with transparent [[quartz]]crystals]]		[[File:Ortoclasio.jpg\|thumb\|white [[Wikipedia:Orthoclase\|Orthoclase]] (''potassium feldspar'') with transparent [[quartz]]crystals]]
	[[File:Olivin-mt-erebus hg.jpg\|thumb\|[[Olivine]] from [[Wikipedia:Mount Erebus\|Mount Erebus]], Ross Island, Antarctica]]		[[File:Olivin-mt-erebus hg.jpg\|thumb\|[[w:Olivine\|Olivine]] from [[Wikipedia:Mount Erebus\|Mount Erebus]], Ross Island, Antarctica]]
	[[File:Brillanten.jpg\|thumb\|Brilliant-cut diamonds]]		[[File:Brillanten.jpg\|thumb\|Brilliant-cut diamonds]]

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	According to [[w:radiometric dating\|radiometric dating]], [[w:zircon\|zircon]]s are the oldest minerals of the [[Earth]] and the [[Moon]]. The first specimens probably crystallised in the early phase of the [[Earth evolution]] about 4.4 billion years ago.		According to [[w:radiometric dating\|radiometric dating]], [[w:zircon\|zircon]]s are the oldest minerals of the [[Earth]] and the [[Moon]]. The first specimens probably crystallised in the early phase of the [[Earth evolution]] about 4.4 billion years ago.

			== Mineral kingdom and physical body ==

			The totality of the laws of the [[Physical world\|physical-mineral world]] form the [[physical body]] of [[man]].

			{{GZ\|If you really wanted to see the physical body, you would have to be able to eliminate the I, the astral body and the etheric body from the human being - in a similar way to how one eliminates three substances from a chemical composition consisting of four and retains one - and then you would retain the physical body. But that is not possible under the present conditions of existence on Earth. You will perhaps think that this happens every time a human being dies. But that is not correct. For what remains when a human being dies is not the physical body of the human being, but the corpse. With the laws that are then active in the physical body when death has occurred, the physical body could not live. These are not its very own laws, but laws that belong to the outer world. If, therefore, you follow these thoughts, you will have to say to yourself that what is usually called the physical body of man is a maya, a delusion, and what we in spiritual science call the physical body is that lawfulness, that law-organism, which within our mineral world creates the physical body of man in the same way as the law of crystallisation of quartz or that of emerald creates quartz or emerald. This human organisation effective in the mineral-physical world, that is actually the physical body of man.\|124\|93}}

			The physical body, which is supersensible by its own nature and is a pure form, must be clearly distinguished from the substance-filled mineral body:

			{{GZ\|One must carefully distinguish between the physical body and the mineral body. A physical body is that which is governed by the physical laws which are presently observed in the mineral kingdom. The present physical human body is not only governed by such physical laws, but is also interspersed with mineral matter. On Saturn [here we do not mean our present Saturn, but the so-called Old Saturn, which was an earlier state of development of our Earth] the physical laws expressed themselves only through the effects of heat. And the whole of Saturn consists of heat bodies. These heat-bodies are the first plant of the present physical-mineral human body. The latter has been formed from the former by the incorporation into the former of the gaseous, liquid and solid substances which were only formed later.\|13\|159}}

	== Literatur ==		== Literatur ==

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			[[File:Ortoclasio.jpg\|thumb\|white [[Wikipedia:Orthoclase\|Orthoclase]] (''potassium feldspar'') with transparent [[quartz]]crystals]]
			[[File:Olivin-mt-erebus hg.jpg\|thumb\|[[Olivine]] from [[Wikipedia:Mount Erebus\|Mount Erebus]], Ross Island, Antarctica]]
			[[File:Brillanten.jpg\|thumb\|Brilliant-cut diamonds]]

	From the point of view of spiritual science, the '''mineral kingdom''' is the fourth and middle of the seven [[Conditions of Life]] into which each planetary stage of [[world evolution]] is divided. Like all Conditions of Life, the mineral kingdom is subdivided into seven [[Conditions of Form]], which gradually condense from the unformed spiritual ([[arupa]]) to the [[physical]] and then just as gradually spiritualise again. The mineral kingdom thus encompasses far more than the minerals that appear physically-sensually in nature. The non-physical Conditions of Form of the mineral kingdom and the [[elementary beings]] associated with them, however, are only accessible to the [[Imagination\|imaginative spiritual seeing]].		From the point of view of spiritual science, the '''mineral kingdom''' is the fourth and middle of the seven [[Conditions of Life]] into which each planetary stage of [[world evolution]] is divided. Like all Conditions of Life, the mineral kingdom is subdivided into seven [[Conditions of Form]], which gradually condense from the unformed spiritual ([[arupa]]) to the [[physical]] and then just as gradually spiritualise again. The mineral kingdom thus encompasses far more than the minerals that appear physically-sensually in nature. The non-physical Conditions of Form of the mineral kingdom and the [[elementary beings]] associated with them, however, are only accessible to the [[Imagination\|imaginative spiritual seeing]].

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	[[File:GA208 141.gif\|300px\|left\|drawing from GA 208, p. 141]]		[[File:GA208 141.gif\|300px\|left\|drawing from GA 208, p. 141]]
			[[File:Pyrite from Ampliación a Victoria Mine, Navajún, La Rioja, Spain 2.jpg\|thumb\|Cube-shaped, intergrown [[Wikipedia:Pyrite\|Pyrite]]crystals from [[Wikipedia:Navajún\|Navajún]], La Rioja, Spain.]]
			[[File:Eisblumenfenster 1.jpg\|thumb\|Ice flowers - ice crystals in plant-like form]]
	{{GZ\|When we look at the original form of the mineral, it is the crystal form, the polyhedral form (see drawing); the mineral somehow appears polyhedral to us. This polyhedral form, which appears to us in one form in the case of one mineral and in another form in the case of another mineral, cannot be understood in any other way than by first looking at the material which has formed itself out of the forces which are active within the space of the mineral. We must imagine: If we have any elongated mineral, then the forces which act in this direction (drawing on the right) are suitable for drawing the mineral along its length. The forces acting in this direction (right, horizontal line in the middle) may then develop a lesser strength - or how we want to express it - which makes the mineral narrower in this direction, and so on. In short, in order to be able to speak of minerals at all, we must imagine, whether these forces act from without or from within, that these forces stand at angles to each other, that they act in certain directions, and above all we must imagine that these forces are there in the universe, at least that they are effective within the earthly sphere.		{{GZ\|When we look at the original form of the mineral, it is the crystal form, the polyhedral form (see drawing); the mineral somehow appears polyhedral to us. This polyhedral form, which appears to us in one form in the case of one mineral and in another form in the case of another mineral, cannot be understood in any other way than by first looking at the material which has formed itself out of the forces which are active within the space of the mineral. We must imagine: If we have any elongated mineral, then the forces which act in this direction (drawing on the right) are suitable for drawing the mineral along its length. The forces acting in this direction (right, horizontal line in the middle) may then develop a lesser strength - or how we want to express it - which makes the mineral narrower in this direction, and so on. In short, in order to be able to speak of minerals at all, we must imagine, whether these forces act from without or from within, that these forces stand at angles to each other, that they act in certain directions, and above all we must imagine that these forces are there in the universe, at least that they are effective within the earthly sphere.

Odyssee at 17:37, 24 March 2021

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 == Minerals ==
-'''Minerals''' (from {{LaS|aes minerale}} "mine ore") are substances formed by natural [[w:Geology|geological]] processes, usually [[crystall]]ised in a solid [[w:Polyhedron|polyhedral]] shape. Unlike rocks, they are formed from a single [[w:chemical element|chemical element]] (e.g. diamond, sulphur, gold) or from a single [[w:chemical compound|chemical compound]] which has a defined structure and composition, but which may vary within certain limits due to the formation of homogeneous solid solutions<ref name="Nickel 1995"> The Definition of a Mineral, Nickel 1995</ref>. Mostly these are inorganic, in rare cases also organic compounds, such as [[w:mellite|mellite]] (honey stone) or [[w:evenkite|evenkite]] ([[w:Tetracosane|Tetracosane]] C<sub>24</sub>H<sub>50</sub>). Currently, about 5000 independent minerals are known<ref>[http://nrmima.nrm.se//IMA_Master_List_%282014-12%29.pdf IMA/CNMNC List of Mineral Names] (December 2014, PDF, 1,5 MB)</ref>. More than 90% of all minerals (quartz included) are [[w:silicate|silicate]]s. The most common silicate minerals are the [[w:feldspars|feldspars]], which comprise about 59.5% of all minerals<ref name="Cloos 1958">Cloos (1958), S. 139</ref>. Particularly beautiful or valuable minerals, rocks or glass melts, but also fossil resins such as amber or other mineralised organic materials are called [[w:precious stone|precious stone]]s or [[w:gemstone|gemstone]]s. Liquids, with the exception of mercury, are not counted as minerals; for example, [[water]] is not considered a mineral, but crystalline [[ice]] is. [[w:Mineralogy|Mineralogy]] is the scientific study of the formation, properties and usability of minerals.
+'''Minerals''' (from {{LaS|aes minerale}} "mine ore") are substances formed by natural [[w:Geology|geological]] processes, usually [[crystal]]lised in a solid [[w:Polyhedron|polyhedral]] shape. Unlike rocks, they are formed from a single [[w:chemical element|chemical element]] (e.g. diamond, sulphur, gold) or from a single [[w:chemical compound|chemical compound]] which has a defined structure and composition, but which may vary within certain limits due to the formation of homogeneous solid solutions<ref name="Nickel 1995"> The Definition of a Mineral, Nickel 1995</ref>. Mostly these are inorganic, in rare cases also organic compounds, such as [[w:mellite|mellite]] (honey stone) or [[w:evenkite|evenkite]] ([[w:Tetracosane|Tetracosane]] C<sub>24</sub>H<sub>50</sub>). Currently, about 5000 independent minerals are known<ref>[http://nrmima.nrm.se//IMA_Master_List_%282014-12%29.pdf IMA/CNMNC List of Mineral Names] (December 2014, PDF, 1,5 MB)</ref>. More than 90% of all minerals (quartz included) are [[w:silicate|silicate]]s. The most common silicate minerals are the [[w:feldspars|feldspars]], which comprise about 59.5% of all minerals<ref name="Cloos 1958">Cloos (1958), S. 139</ref>. Particularly beautiful or valuable minerals, rocks or glass melts, but also fossil resins such as amber or other mineralised organic materials are called [[w:precious stone|precious stone]]s or [[w:gemstone|gemstone]]s. Liquids, with the exception of mercury, are not counted as minerals; for example, [[water]] is not considered a mineral, but crystalline [[ice]] is. [[w:Mineralogy|Mineralogy]] is the scientific study of the formation, properties and usability of minerals.
 [[File:GA208 141.gif|300px|left|drawing from GA 208, p. 141]]
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 But then, if they are effective, they must also act upon the physical body of man, and the physical body of man must have in itself the tendency to become polyhedral. It only does not become polyhedral in reality because it still has its etheric body, its astral body, which do not allow the human being to become a cube or an octahedron or a tetrahedron or an icosahedron and so on. But the tendency is in man to become such things, so that we can already say: In so far as man is a physical being, he strives to become polyhedral. If you are glad that you do not wander about as a cube or as a tetrahedron or as an octahedron, it is because the other forces, those of the etheric body and astral body, are working against the octahedral or cube forces that are in you.|208|140ff}}
 == Literatur ==
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 * Dankmar Bosse: ''Die Evolution der Minerale zwischen Kosmos und Erde: Entwurf einer Mineralogie und Kristallografie der lebendigen Erde'', Verlag des Ita Wegman Instituts, Arlesheim 2015, ISBN 978-3905919684
 * [[Rudolf Steiner]]: ''Die Geheimwissenschaft im Umriß'', [[GA 13]] (1989), ISBN 3-7274-0130-3 {{Lectures|013}}
 * [[Rudolf Steiner]]: ''Exkurse in das Gebiet des Markus-Evangeliums'', [[GA 124]] (1995), ISBN 3-7274-1240-2 {{Lectures|124}}
 * [[Rudolf Steiner]]: ''Die Polarität von Dauer und Entwickelung im Menschenleben'', [[GA 184]] (1983) {{Lectures|184}}
@@ Line 29: / Line 47: @@
 <references />

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	== Minerals ==		== Minerals ==
	'''Minerals''' (from {{LaS\|aes minerale}} "mine ore") are substances formed by natural [[w:Geology\|geological]] processes, usually [[crystall]]ised in a solid [[w:Polyhedron\|polyhedral]] shape. Unlike rocks, they are formed from a single [[w:chemical element\|chemical element]] (e.g. diamond, sulphur, gold) or from a single [[w:chemical compound\|chemical compound]] which has a defined structure and composition, but which may vary within certain limits due to the formation of homogeneous solid solutions<ref name="Nickel 1995"> The Definition of a Mineral, Nickel 1995</ref>. Mostly these are inorganic, in rare cases also organic compounds, such as mellite (honey stone) or evenkite ([[w:~~Tetracosan~~\|~~Tetracosan~~]] C<sub>24</sub>H<sub>50</sub>). Currently, about 5000 independent minerals are known<ref>[http://nrmima.nrm.se//IMA_Master_List_%282014-12%29.pdf IMA/CNMNC List of Mineral Names] (December 2014, PDF, 1,5 MB)</ref>. More than 90% of all minerals (quartz included) are [[w:silicate\|silicate]]s. The most common silicate minerals are the [[w:feldspars\|feldspars]], which comprise about 59.5% of all minerals<ref name="Cloos 1958">Cloos (1958), S. 139</ref>. Particularly beautiful or valuable minerals, rocks or glass melts, but also fossil resins such as amber or other mineralised organic materials are called [[w:precious stone\|precious stone]]s or [[w:gemstone\|gemstone]]s. Liquids, with the exception of mercury, are not counted as minerals; for example, [[water]] is not considered a mineral, but crystalline [[ice]] is. [[w:Mineralogy\|Mineralogy]] is the scientific study of the formation, properties and usability of minerals.		'''Minerals''' (from {{LaS\|aes minerale}} "mine ore") are substances formed by natural [[w:Geology\|geological]] processes, usually [[crystall]]ised in a solid [[w:Polyhedron\|polyhedral]] shape. Unlike rocks, they are formed from a single [[w:chemical element\|chemical element]] (e.g. diamond, sulphur, gold) or from a single [[w:chemical compound\|chemical compound]] which has a defined structure and composition, but which may vary within certain limits due to the formation of homogeneous solid solutions<ref name="Nickel 1995"> The Definition of a Mineral, Nickel 1995</ref>. Mostly these are inorganic, in rare cases also organic compounds, such as [[w:mellite\|mellite]] (honey stone) or [[w:evenkite\|evenkite]] ([[w:Tetracosane\|Tetracosane]] C<sub>24</sub>H<sub>50</sub>). Currently, about 5000 independent minerals are known<ref>[http://nrmima.nrm.se//IMA_Master_List_%282014-12%29.pdf IMA/CNMNC List of Mineral Names] (December 2014, PDF, 1,5 MB)</ref>. More than 90% of all minerals (quartz included) are [[w:silicate\|silicate]]s. The most common silicate minerals are the [[w:feldspars\|feldspars]], which comprise about 59.5% of all minerals<ref name="Cloos 1958">Cloos (1958), S. 139</ref>. Particularly beautiful or valuable minerals, rocks or glass melts, but also fossil resins such as amber or other mineralised organic materials are called [[w:precious stone\|precious stone]]s or [[w:gemstone\|gemstone]]s. Liquids, with the exception of mercury, are not counted as minerals; for example, [[water]] is not considered a mineral, but crystalline [[ice]] is. [[w:Mineralogy\|Mineralogy]] is the scientific study of the formation, properties and usability of minerals.

			[[File:GA208 141.gif\|300px\|left\|drawing from GA 208, p. 141]]
			{{GZ\|When we look at the original form of the mineral, it is the crystal form, the polyhedral form (see drawing); the mineral somehow appears polyhedral to us. This polyhedral form, which appears to us in one form in the case of one mineral and in another form in the case of another mineral, cannot be understood in any other way than by first looking at the material which has formed itself out of the forces which are active within the space of the mineral. We must imagine: If we have any elongated mineral, then the forces which act in this direction (drawing on the right) are suitable for drawing the mineral along its length. The forces acting in this direction (right, horizontal line in the middle) may then develop a lesser strength - or how we want to express it - which makes the mineral narrower in this direction, and so on. In short, in order to be able to speak of minerals at all, we must imagine, whether these forces act from without or from within, that these forces stand at angles to each other, that they act in certain directions, and above all we must imagine that these forces are there in the universe, at least that they are effective within the earthly sphere.

			But then, if they are effective, they must also act upon the physical body of man, and the physical body of man must have in itself the tendency to become polyhedral. It only does not become polyhedral in reality because it still has its etheric body, its astral body, which do not allow the human being to become a cube or an octahedron or a tetrahedron or an icosahedron and so on. But the tendency is in man to become such things, so that we can already say: In so far as man is a physical being, he strives to become polyhedral. If you are glad that you do not wander about as a cube or as a tetrahedron or as an octahedron, it is because the other forces, those of the etheric body and astral body, are working against the octahedral or cube forces that are in you.\|208\|140ff}}

	== Literatur ==		== Literatur ==

Odyssee: Created page with "From the point of view of spiritual science, the '''mineral kingdom''' is the fourth and middle of the seven Conditions of Life into which each planetary stage of world..."

2021-03-24T16:09:22Z

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From the point of view of spiritual science, the '''mineral kingdom''' is the fourth and middle of the seven [[Conditions of Life]] into which each planetary stage of [[world evolution]] is divided. Like all Conditions of Life, the mineral kingdom is subdivided into seven [[Conditions of Form]], which gradually condense from the unformed spiritual ([[arupa]]) to the [[physical]] and then just as gradually spiritualise again. The mineral kingdom thus encompasses far more than the minerals that appear physically-sensually in nature. The non-physical Conditions of Form of the mineral kingdom and the [[elementary beings]] associated with them, however, are only accessible to the [[Imagination|imaginative spiritual seeing]].

== Minerals ==
'''Minerals''' (from {{LaS|aes minerale}} "mine ore") are substances formed by natural [[w:Geology|geological]] processes, usually [[crystall]]ised in a solid [[w:Polyhedron|polyhedral]] shape. Unlike rocks, they are formed from a single [[w:chemical element|chemical element]] (e.g. diamond, sulphur, gold) or from a single [[w:chemical compound|chemical compound]] which has a defined structure and composition, but which may vary within certain limits due to the formation of homogeneous solid solutions<ref name="Nickel 1995"> The Definition of a Mineral, Nickel 1995</ref>. Mostly these are inorganic, in rare cases also organic compounds, such as mellite (honey stone) or evenkite ([[w:Tetracosan|Tetracosan]] C<sub>24</sub>H<sub>50</sub>). Currently, about 5000 independent minerals are known<ref>[http://nrmima.nrm.se//IMA_Master_List_%282014-12%29.pdf IMA/CNMNC List of Mineral Names] (December 2014, PDF, 1,5 MB)</ref>. More than 90% of all minerals (quartz included) are [[w:silicate|silicate]]s. The most common silicate minerals are the [[w:feldspars|feldspars]], which comprise about 59.5% of all minerals<ref name="Cloos 1958">Cloos (1958), S. 139</ref>. Particularly beautiful or valuable minerals, rocks or glass melts, but also fossil resins such as amber or other mineralised organic materials are called [[w:precious stone|precious stone]]s or [[w:gemstone|gemstone]]s. Liquids, with the exception of mercury, are not counted as minerals; for example, [[water]] is not considered a mineral, but crystalline [[ice]] is. [[w:Mineralogy|Mineralogy]] is the scientific study of the formation, properties and usability of minerals.

== Literatur ==
* E. H. Nickel: ''The Definition of a Mineral.'' The Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 33, S. 689–690 (1995) ([http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/doc/abstracts/ima98/ima98(04).pdf PDF, 270 kB])
* [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]], Dankmar Bosse (Hrsg.): ''Die Metamorphose des Granits. Substanz- und Gestaltbildung des Erdorganismus'', Verlag Freies Geistesleben, Stuttgart 1994 (Hrsg.) ISBN 978-3772505485
* [[a:Walther Cloos|Walther Cloos]]: ''Lebensstufen der Erde. Beiträge zu einer organischen Gesteins- und Mineralkunde'', Verlag Freies Geistesleben, Stuttgart 1984 ISBN 978-3772504853
* Helmut Knauer: ''Erdenantlitz und Erdenstoffe'', Verlag am Goetheanum, Dornach 1961, ISBN 978-3723500705
* [[a:Wolfhard Wimmenauer|Wolfhard Wimmenauer]]: ''Zwischen Feuer und Wasser: Gestalten und Prozesse im Mineralbereich'', Urachhaus Verlag, Stuttgart 1992 ISBN 978-3878389453
* [[a:Dankmar Bosse|Dankmar Bosse]]: ''Die gemeinsame Evolution von Erde und Mensch: Entwurf einer Geologie und Paläontologie der lebendigen Erde'', Verlag Freies Geistesleben, Stuttgat 2002, ISBN 978-3772515934
* Dankmar Bosse: ''Die Lebenssphäre der Erde: Ihre Evolution in den geologischen Phänomenen, Rudolf Steiners Forschungen und in Goethes Studien'', Verlag Freies Geistesleben, Stuttgart 2012. ISBN 978-3905919370
* Dankmar Bosse: ''Goethes Initiation und die Ursphäre der Erde'', Verlag Freies Geistesleben, Stuttgart 1995 ISBN 978-3772500701
* Dankmar Bosse: ''Die Evolution der Minerale zwischen Kosmos und Erde: Entwurf einer Mineralogie und Kristallografie der lebendigen Erde'', Verlag des Ita Wegman Instituts, Arlesheim 2015, ISBN 978-3905919684
* [[Rudolf Steiner]]: ''Die Geheimwissenschaft im Umriß'', [[GA 13]] (1989), ISBN 3-7274-0130-3 {{Lectures|013}}
* [[Rudolf Steiner]]: ''Exkurse in das Gebiet des Markus-Evangeliums'', [[GA 124]] (1995), ISBN 3-7274-1240-2 {{Lectures|124}}
* [[Rudolf Steiner]]: ''Die Polarität von Dauer und Entwickelung im Menschenleben'', [[GA 184]] (1983) {{Lectures|184}}
* [[Rudolf Steiner]]: ''Der Mensch als Zusammenklang des schaffenden, bildenden und gestaltenden Weltenwortes'', [[GA 230]] (1993), Dornach, 9. November 1923 {{Lectures|230}}

{{GA}}

== References ==

<references />

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:22, 11 April 2022
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	[[File:Ortoclasio.jpg\|thumb\|white [[Wikipedia:Orthoclase\|Orthoclase]] (''potassium feldspar'') with transparent [[quartz]]crystals]]		[[File:Ortoclasio.jpg\|thumb\|white [[Wikipedia:Orthoclase\|Orthoclase]] (''potassium feldspar'') with transparent [[quartz]]crystals]]
	[[File:Olivin-mt-erebus hg.jpg\|thumb\|[[Olivine]] from [[Wikipedia:Mount Erebus\|Mount Erebus]], Ross Island, Antarctica]]		[[File:Olivin-mt-erebus hg.jpg\|thumb\|[[w:Olivine\|Olivine]] from [[Wikipedia:Mount Erebus\|Mount Erebus]], Ross Island, Antarctica]]
	[[File:Brillanten.jpg\|thumb\|Brilliant-cut diamonds]]		[[File:Brillanten.jpg\|thumb\|Brilliant-cut diamonds]]