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	'''History''' (from {{Greek\|ἱστορία}} ''historia'' "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation"; {{German\|''[[a:Geschichte\|Geschichte]]''}}) in the broadest sense encompasses everything that has happened in the course of [[time]]. In the narrower sense, in contrast to natural history, it is understood to mean human history, i.e. the historical and [[~~Culturel~~ epoch\|cultural development]] of [[humanity]].		'''History''' (from {{Greek\|ἱστορία}} ''historia'' "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation"; {{German\|''[[a:Geschichte\|Geschichte]]''}}) in the broadest sense encompasses everything that has happened in the course of [[time]]. In the narrower sense, in contrast to natural history, it is understood to mean human history, i.e. the historical and [[Cultural epoch\|cultural development]] of [[humanity]].

	== Meaning of history ==		== Meaning of history ==

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'''History''' (from {{Greek|ἱστορία}} ''historia'' "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation"; {{German|''[[a:Geschichte|Geschichte]]''}}) in the broadest sense encompasses everything that has happened in the course of [[time]]. In the narrower sense, in contrast to natural history, it is understood to mean human history, i.e. the historical and [[Culturel epoch|cultural development]] of [[humanity]].

== Meaning of history ==

{{GZ|That which is now regarded as history is not much older than a hundred years. Before that, memorials were noted, 'stories' were noted; but what is called world history, this tracing of a thread through the development of humanity, is not older than a little more than a hundred years.|177|259f}}

The special meaning of the {{German}} word "Geschichte", which does not occur in this way in other languages, is explained by [[Rudolf Steiner]] as follows:

{{GZ|In former times one described memorials. For sure, one does not call it history when someone writes down his so-called family history. Even the [German] word 'Geschichte' is not old at all. In languages other than German, the word does not exist at all, because "history" has a completely different original context. In the past, people used to say in the singular "what happens", "the happening of the apostles", for example, which is what "happens". And then the plural was formed: "the story", which is actually nothing other than the plural of "the happening"; today we have to say "the stories". But in Switzerland, one hundred and fifty years ago, "die Geschichte" meant the plural of "das Geschieht", and this was then transferred by changing the article to "die Geschichte" - singular - so the plural later became the feminine singular. This is how the word history came into being. You can follow this from the history of the word.

The concept of history only acquires meaning when spiritual impulses are understood. One can speak of what is really happening, one can speak within certain limits of what is going on behind the scenes. The limits are given by comparing the matter with what is also in the outer, physical world. One can say what the future position of the sun will be, let us say next summer, but one cannot say what the weather will be like in every detail. So, of course, things occur in the spiritual world that relate to the future position of the sun in the same way as the future weather does. But in general one will only be able to know something about the course of human development from the spiritual impulses. History, then, is embryonic, is not yet today what it ought to be, can only become something when it passes its hundred-year existence into the contemplation of the spiritual life which takes place behind the outer events in humanity.|177|261f}}

== Historical symptomatology ==
{{Main|Historical symptomatology}}

In order to grasp the deeper motivations of historical events, [[Rudolf Steiner]] called for a [[historical symptomatology]].

{{GZ|One must, if one studies history, have a sense for doing symptomatology, that is to say, for taking much of what is taken today as history only as a symptom of something that lies much deeper behind it, what is really the spiritual current that only bears these symptoms. And so that which is in the depths of the development of humanity actually also emerges symptomatically in these or those diseases of the time.|73a|240}}

Rudolf Steiner spoke in great detail on this subject, using many examples, in his lectures on "Historical Symptomatology" ([[GA 185]]).

== Literature ==

* [[Rudolf Steiner]]: ''Fachwissenschaften und Anthroposophie'', [[GA 73a]] (2005), ISBN 3-7274-0735-2 {{Lectures|073a}}
* [[Rudolf Steiner]]: ''Die spirituellen Hintergründe der äußeren Welt. Der Sturz der Geister der Finsternis'', [[GA 177]] (1999), ISBN 3-7274-1771-4 {{Lectures|177}}
* [[Rudolf Steiner]]: ''Geschichtliche Symptomatologie'', [[GA 185]] (1982), ISBN 3-7274-1850-8 {{Lectures|185}}
* [[Rudolf Steiner]]: ''Die Weltgeschichte in anthroposophischer Beleuchtung und als Grundlage der Erkenntnis des Menschengeistes'', [[GA 233]] (1991), ISBN 3-7274-2331-5 {{Lectures|233}}

{{GA}}

[[Category:History]]
[[Category:Human evolution]]
[[Category:Man]]
[[de:Geschichte]]

History - Revision history

Odyssee at 11:04, 3 August 2021

Odyssee at 08:55, 3 August 2021

Odyssee: Created page with "'''History''' (from {{Greek|ἱστορία}} ''historia'' "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation"; {{German|''Geschichte''}}) in the broadest sense en..."